German language courses can help you become familiar with grammar rules and sentence structures. Complex sentences (nebensätze) are created in German by combining a main sentence with one or more dependent clauses. While the main part of the sentence tends to follow the standard ‘subject + verb + object’ structure, dependent clauses have their own rules that can impact the meaning of the sentence.
A Few Basics About German Sentence Structure
The subject of a sentence (person, place, or thing) is usually at the beginning of a sentence. After understanding German verb placement, you’ll discover that the verb (action) is usually the second word in a sentence. However, the verb is sometimes moved to the end of the sentence. In German, there are also two types of objects in a sentence: direct and indirect.
The elements of a sentence are combined to create simple, compound, complex, or passive sentences. Word order in German is used to convey the meaning of the sentence.
For example, the time-manner-place order provides additional information to a sentence. When the subject and verb position are swapped, emphasis is placed on a specific part of the sentence.
Let’s explore how complex sentences are created and used in German.
German Complex Sentences Explained
Complex sentences combine a main clause with one or more subordinating or dependent clauses (groups of words that do not have meaning on their own) with a conjunction (e.g., because, after, etc.). They allow you to link ideas, express more complex thoughts, and enrich your German skills.
In complex sentences, subordinate clauses have their own grammar rules in comparison to the main part of the sentence. In the main clause, word order generally follows the traditional ‘subject + verb + object’ structure. The subordinate clause is formed with the ‘subject + object + verb’ word order, and the verb of the dependent clause is placed at the end of the clause. This is how the two parts of complex sentences are differentiated from each other.
All of this may sound a bit confusing, but you will get the hang of it by practicing what you learn. Also, while complex sentences allow you to converse more meaningfully, don’t overcomplicate sentences. Simplicity is often more effective.
Expand Your Use of Complex Sentences
Once you read and learn about complex sentences, the next step is to use them in your conversation and written communications. The key to mastering complex sentences is practice.
As an expat in Switzerland, take the initiative and immerse yourself in the local culture and language. Listen to German music and watch movies in German. Try to engage in conversations with locals in German, even if they also speak English. The more you speak, listen, write, and read German, the more proficient you will become.
It might be worth your time to explore the innovative language programs provided by Germany Academy Zurich. Our courses are designed specifically for expats living in the German-speaking areas of Switzerland and German language corporate training. However, remember that becoming fluent in German will not happen overnight. Be patient. Practice and make mistakes, which can be funny and memorable. Embrace feedback and immerse yourself in the Swiss culture around you.
Understanding sentence structure and German’s flexible word order is one of the first steps to unlocking your language potential. This is also how you will master complex sentences and other aspects of the language!
